HIGH RESOLUTION CAMERA DESIGN PLANNING THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS FOR DRIVING SYSTEMS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20535/kpisn.2021.1.231213Keywords:
ADAS, Autonomous Driving Car, SLAM, LIDAR, SAE, autopilot, camcorder, stereo vision, active safety system, high resolution camera, image processingAbstract
Background. Analysis of statistical data showed that in most cases the cause of the accident is driver error and, as a consequence, violation of traffic rules. In this regard, over the past 10 years, active developments in the field of recognition of road signs and other obstacles in the path of a car have been actively developing. Car manufacturers offer ready-made built-in systems, mounted behind the interior rearview mirror and connected to the car’s on-board computer, which carries out further control of the car in a critical situation. The main disadvantage of these systems of this class is the low range of recognition of road signs, the dependence of optical parameters on temperature and low light sensitivity.
Objective. The purpose of the paper is to model an athermal objective for a high-resolution camera, investigate the characteristics of lenses depending on the ambient temperature.
Methods. Analysis and modeling of objectives, lenses, optical glass from different materials.
Results. A high-resolution camera objective for all types of cars is proposed. An athermal objective was developed for a high-resolution camera.
Conclusions. The optimized athermal design of the visible spectrum objective for long-range car cameras is considered. Car cameras typically have a fixed focus, and forward-facing cameras typically require relatively long focal lengths to provide information about distant objects. The optical system for these cameras should provide high resolution, as well as operate in a wide range of ambient temperatures. The camera design parameters are derived from the functional requirements of road sign recognition at a distance of 200 m. The objective design has five lenses with spherical surfaces. The objective has a relative aperture of f/2 and a modulation transfer function (MTF) of more than 0.5 at 111 l/mm over the entire temperature range.
References
T. Toroyan, “Global status report on road safety 2015,” WHO, Geneva, Switzerland, WA 275, 2015.
G. Vivo et. al., “The European Integrated Project “SAFESPOT”-How ADAS applications co-operate for the driving safety,” in 2007 IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conf., Bellevue, 2007. doi: 10.1109/ITSC.2007.4357715
M. Zhao et. al., “Distance measurement system for smart vehicles,” in 2015 7th Int. Conf. on New Technologies, Mobility and Security (NTMS), Paris, France, 2015. doi: 10.1109/NTMS.2015.7266486
Driving safer with high quality Image Sensors [Online]. Available: https://www.samsung.com/semiconductor/image-sensor/automotive-image-sensor/S5K2G1/
Sony Releases the Industry’s Highest Resolution 7.42 Effective Megapixel Stacked CMOS Image Sensor for Automotive Cameras [Online]. Available: https://www.sony.net/SonyInfo/News/Press/201710/17-094E/
F.E. Sahin, “Lens design for active alignment of mobile phone cameras,” Optic. Eng., vol. 56, no. 6, p. 065102, 2017. doi: 10.1117/1.OE.56.6.065102
P. Sermanet and Y. LeCun, “Traffic sign recognition with multi-scale Convolutional Networks,” in 2011 Int. Joint Conf. on Neural Networks, San Jose, 2011. doi: 10.1109/IJCNN.2011.6033589
K. Schwertz et. al., “Graphically selecting optical components and housing material for color correction and passive athermalization,” in Current Developments in Lens Design and Optical Eng. XIII, San Diego, 2012. doi: 10.1117/12.930968
Optical Glass Data Sheets [Online]. Available: https://www.schott.com/d/advanced_optics/ac85c64c-60a0-4113-a9df-23ee1be20428/1.17/schott-optical-glass-collection-datasheets-english-may-2019.pdf
F.E. Sahin, “Long-range, high-resolution camera optical design for assisted and autonomous driving,” Photonics, vol. 6. no. 2, p. 73, 2019. doi: 10.3390/photonics6020073
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Viacheslav S. Stadnichuk, Valentin G. Kolobrodov, Oleksii O. Mosolab, Denis Yu. Kondratenko, Dmytro I. Ryabokon
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under CC BY 4.0 that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work