NANOCOMPOSITES BASED ON TIO2-SNO2: INFLUENCE OF ACID-BASED AND STRUCTURAL-ADSORPTION PROPERTIES ON THE PHOTOCATALYTIC ACTIVITY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20535/kpi-sn.2020.1.198020Keywords:
Nanocomposites TiO2-SnO2, Hydrolytic method, Hydrothermal method, Acidic-basic sites, PhotocatalysisAbstract
Background. TiO2-SnO2 nanocomposites receive a lot of attention due to their efficient application in heterogeneous photocatalysis. Coupling TiO2 with SnO2 contributes to the suppression of charge carriers’ recombination and enhances photocatalytic performance of the material. Although considerable research on TiO2-SnO2 system has been conducted, there is still a great uncertainty about the most efficient ways of its synthesis, effective synthesis conditions and the most appropriate reagents.
Objective. The purpose of the paper is comparison of two synthesis methods (hydrolytic and hydrothermal) and different precursors to obtain TiO2-SnO2 composites; assessment of the influence of different factors on the final properties of photocatalysts.
Methods. Synthesis of TiO2-SnO2 nanocomposites allowed studying the effect of SnO2 content on acid-base and structural-adsorption properties that eventually determine photocatalytic performance. Photocatalytic decomposition of organic dyes of various types (methylene blue and Congo red) was used to evaluate photoactivity of materials.
Results. Both synthesis methods allowed obtaining of TiO2 and TiO2-SnO2 nanocomposites with crystallite size of 3–24 nm. Hydrolytic synthesis using TiCl4 resulted in pure rutile TiO2, while hydrothermal synthesis using TTIP resulted in pure anatase TiO2. Addition of SnO2 enhanced photocatalytic activity of the samples obtained by hydrothermal method – a sample with 1% SnO2 exhibited photocatalytic activity 30% higher than pure TiO2 sample.
Conclusions. Samples obtained by hydrothermal method have both acidic and basic Brønsted sites and are universal sorbents and photocatalysts that remove cationic and anionic dyes. Composites obtained by hydrolytic method contain only basic Brønsted sites and are therefore active for cationic dyes. Surface properties of materials play a crucial role that ultimately determines photocatalytic activity of the materials.References
S.M. Patil et al., “Multi-applicative tetragonal TiO2/SnO2 nanocomposites for photocatalysis and gas sensing”, J. Phys. Chem. Solids, vol. 115, pp. 127–136, 2018. doi: 10.1016/j.jpcs.2017.12.020
T.A. Dontsova et al., “Metaloxide nanomaterials and nanocomposites of ecological purpose (Review)”, J. Nanomater., vol. 2019, ID 5942194, 2019. doi: 10.1155/2019/5942194
M. Batzill et al., “The surface and materials science of tin oxide”, Progress Surf. Sci., vol. 79, no. 2-4, рр. 47–154, 2005. doi: 10.1016/j.progsurf.2005.09.002
I. Rangel-Vázquez et al., “Synthesis and characterization of Sn doped TiO2 photocatalysts: Effect of Sn concentration on the textural properties and on the photocatalytic degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid”, J. Alloys Compounds, vol. 643, pp. S144–S149, 2015. doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.12.065
A. Marzec et al., “Structural, optical and electrical properties of nanocrystalline TiO2, SnO2 and their composites obtained by the sol–gel method”, J. Europ. Ceramic Soc., vol. 36, no. 12, рр. 2981–2989, 2016. doi: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2015.12.046
S.F. Resende et al., “Simple sol-gel process to obtain silica-coated anatase particles with enhanced TiO2-SiO2 interfacial area”, J. Colloid Interf. Sci., vol. 4331, рр. 211–217, 2014. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2014.06.033
V.R. de Mendonça et al., “A building blocks strategy for preparing photocatalytically active anatase TiO2/rutile SnO2 heterostructures by hydrothermal annealing”, J. Colloid Interf. Sci., vol. 505, pp. 454–459, 2017. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.06.024
M. Hirano et al., “Hydrothermal synthesis and properties of solid solutions and composite nanoparticles in the TiO2-SnO2 system”, Mater. Res. Bull., vol. 46, no. 9, pp. 1384–1390, 2011. doi: 10.1016/j.materresbull.2011.05.016
A. Kusior et al., “Photocatalytic activity of TiO2/SnO2 nanostructures with controlled dimensionality/complexity”, Appl. Surf. Sci., vol. 47131, рр. 973–985, 2019. doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.11.226
A. Prathan et al., “Hydrothermal growth of well-aligned TiO2 nanorods on fluorine-doped tin oxide glass”, Materials Today: Proceedings, vol. 17, pp. 1514–1520, 2019. doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2019.06.176
M. Huang et al., “Intergrowth and coexistence effects of TiO2–SnO2 nanocomposite with excellent photocatalytic activity”, J. Alloys Compounds, vol. 629, pp. 55–61, 2014. doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.11.225
M. Huang et al., “Influence of preparation methods on the structure and catalytic performance of SnO2-doped TiO2 photocatalysts”, Ceramics Int., vol. 40, no. 8, pp. 13305–13312, 2014. doi: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2014.05.043
D. Zappa et al., “Metal oxide-based heterostructures for gas sensors – A review”, Anal. Chim. Acta, vol. 1039, рр. 1–23, 2018. doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.09.020
S. Shen et al., “Titanium dioxide nanostructures for photoelectrochemical application”, Progr. Mater. Sci., vol. 98, рр. 299–385, 2018. doi: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2018.07.006
S. Wang et al., “Encapsulation of SnO2 nanoparticles between the hollow TiO2 nanosphere and the carbon layer as high-performance negative materials for lithium-ion batteries”, J. Alloys Compounds, vol. 814, ID 152342, 2020. doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.152342
A.S. Kutuzova et al., “Characterization and properties of TiO2–SnO2 nanocomposites, obtained by hydrolysis method”, Appl. Nanosci., vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 873–880, 2019. doi: 10.1007/s13204-018-0754-4
A.S. Kutuzova et al., “Synthesis, characterization and properties of titanium dioxide obtained by hydrolytic method”, in Proc. IEEE 7th Int. Conf. Nanomaterials: Application & Properties, 2017, pp. 286–290. doi: 10.1109/NAP.2017.8190182
A.S. Kutuzova et al., “TiO2-SnO2 nanocomposites obtained by hydrothermal method”, in Proc. IEEE 8th Int. Conf. Nanomaterials: Application & Properties, 2018, ID 8914747. doi: 10.1109/nap.2018.8914747
T.A. Dontsova et al., “Directional control of the structural adsorption properties of clays by magnetite modification”, J. Nanomater., vol. 2018, pp. 1–9, 2018. doi: 10.1155/2018/6573016
M. Thommes et al., “Physisorption of gases, with special reference to the evaluation of surface area and pore size distribution (IUPAC Technical Report)”, Pure Appl. Chem., vol. 87, рр. 1051–1069, 2015. doi: 10.1515/pac-2014-1117
А. Grosman et al., “Capillary condensation in porous materials. Hysteresis and interaction mechanism without pore blocking/percolation process”, Langmuir, vol. 24, no. 8, рр. 3977–3986, 2008. doi: 10.1021/la703978v
T. Horikawa et al., “Capillary condensation of adsorbates in porous materials”, Adv. Colloid Interf. Sci., vol. 169, no. 1, рр. 40–58, 2011. doi: 10.1016/j.cis.2011.08.003
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 The Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under CC BY 4.0 that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work
